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Economic, Political and
Eco-Societal Transition

XIII International Colloquium
ISEG-ULISBOA
Lisbon, Portugal
May 11-13, 2016

 

‘Mind, Thinking and Creativity’ Lecture Series

Inter-University Center
Dubrovnik, Croatia
April 12-15, 2016

 

Technology + Society =? Future Conference and WAAS General Assembly

Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts (MASA)
Podgorica, Montenegro
May 19-20, 2016

 

Upcoming Events


The Transformative Challenge: The Worlds of Human Mind and Planetary Engagement

Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea, September 22-23, 2016

 

WAAS & World University Consortium join with the Club of Budapest, Club of Rome, and Kyung Hee University to celebrate the UN International Day of Peace and discuss the role of higher education in promoting global civilization.


Business, Economy and Power

University of Tourism & Management, Skopje, Macedonia Oct 5-6, 2016

 

A meeting of WAAS Fellows and business leaders to examine the role of business in economic and social development, democratic governance and sustainable ecology.


Social Power, Empowerment and Social Evolution

IUC, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Oct 31-Nov 4, 2016

 

This transdisciplinary lecture series will explore the sources, expressions, determinants and consequences of the creation, distribution and exercise of social power in its various expressions in politics, economy, society and culture and its consequences for the evolution of society as a whole. Live proceedings to be webcast internationally.


Human-centered Economics

IUC, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Jan 31-Feb 3, 2017

 

WAAS and WUC convene a gathering of the New Economic Theory Working Group for a lecture series on new perspectives in Economics to promote human welfare and well- being. Live proceedings will be webcast internationally.


Towards a Human-Centered Sustainable Economic and Social System for the 21st Century: XIV INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM

Cape Town, South Africa, May 10-12, 2017

 

WAAS and WUC are co-organizers of this conference that aims to examine fundamental tenets of transdisciplinary, human-centered economic theory designed to meet economic prosperity, equitable distribution and sustainable development.

Our greatest achievements are products of our minds. So too, the existential problems confronting humanity today are products of the way we think.

In March 2016 WAAS and World University Consortium conducted a four day lecture-discussion series at Inter-University Centre, Dubrovnik and broadcast live over the internet in collaboration with Dag Hammarskjöld University College of International Relations & Diplomacy, Zagreb; Person-Centered Approach Institute, Italy; and The Mother’s Service Society, India.

The series examined the characteristics and limitations of knowledge generated by linear, compartmentalized, mechanistic thinking, quantitative and systems analysis. It explored ways to promote more organic, integrated forms of thinking that reflect the rich complexity of social reality and foster original thinking, creativity and intuitive ways of knowing.

Click here for video recordings of the lecture series.

Ascent of Mind and Civilization

Mind and civilization have evolved in tandem since the dawn of humanity. New discoveries, inventions, ways of life and forms of knowledge arose with the evolution of humanity’s capacity for observation, imitation, symbolic thinking, intuition, logic, organization, analytic, quantitative and systems thinking. The development of these mental powers has given rise to an endless stream of new tools, art forms, symbols, oral and written languages, inventions, social organizations, ideas and beliefs, religious and spiritual experiences, economic and political systems, educational and scientific endeavors.

A new paradigm in human development must be based on a different type of thinking.

In spite of these monumental achievements, humanity confronts persistent and seemingly insoluble existential threats that arise from the prevailing mental monoculture of mechanistic, reductionist, materialistic, analytic thinking. These challenges call for rediscovery of long neglected mental powers and the quest for more holistic, organic and integral ways of knowing capable of comprehending the growing complexity of life in the 21st century.

Paper Published in Cadmus Journal Volume 2 Issue 6.

Click here for a 10 minute visual tour of the ascent of mind and civilization.

MIND LECTURE SERIES

Prisoners of Thought – Webinar with William Byers
Characteristics of Conceptual SystemsGarry Jacobs
Paradigm Change and Deep ThinkingIvo Šlaus
Reality is a Social ConstructionAlberto Zucconi
Integrating Ideas in ScienceCarlos Blanco
Integrated Conception of HealthChandra Sekaran
Mind & Its FacultiesStefan Brunnhuber
Varieties of ThinkingGarry Jacobs
Objectivity & SubjectivityChandra Sekaran
Three Tools for Non-linear ThinkingJanani Harish
Creativity & Scientific DiscoveryFrancis Brassard
Creativity & Paradigm ChangeWinston Nagan
Ways of KnowingRodolfo Fiorini
Art & Science: 2 Ways of KnowingZdravko Radman
Limits to RationalityMario Hytten
Mind & Cultural DiversityMarta Nešković
New Paradigm ThinkingTibor Tóth
Deep LearningGarry Jacobs

Prisoners of Thought – Transcending the limits of our conceptual systems

Author of Deep Thinking, The Blind Spot & How Mathematicians Think

The truth or validity of any statement depends on the conceptual system within which it is viewed. Our conceptual systems are bounded, incomplete and usually unconscious. Insoluble problems and irreconcilable contradictions are indications we need to transcend the limitations of the constructs through which we view reality.

WAAS-WUC Webinar, March 9, 2016

Characteristics of Conceptual Systems

Trust in the Invisible Hand

Adam Smith’s invisible hand is a classic example of a conceptual system that has been mistaken for reality and reinterpreted in countless ways to support different economic theories.

A moral philosopher committed to enhance human welfare and opposed to mercantilism, Smith would be outraged by the uses and abuses to which his vaguely defined notion has been applied to justify unparalleled concentration of economic power, inequality, and persistent poverty.

-Garry Jacobs


Paradigm Change and Deep Thinking

Change is of three types—incremental, revolutionary or paradigm. What we need today is a comprehensive paradigm change that integrates different fields of knowledge and integrates science with society, human values, social welfare and well-being.

The new paradigm requires a new way of thinking that views all aspects of human existence in a single, unifying perspective as reflected in the 17 goals of the UN General Assembly’s 2015 agreement ‘Transforming our World’.


Reversing Copernicus

The Copernican Revolution moved earth from its dominant position at the center of the universe to the status of a mere satellite.

The paradigm change needed today must flip the model. It must liberate humanity from enslavement to the instruments it has created—money, technology, organization and power.

The new paradigm must place human welfare and well-being at the center.

‘Reality’ is a Social Construction

Karl Menninger famously said that people make self-fulfilling prophecies. We construct and determine our psychological, social, emotional, mental realities ALL the time.

The understanding of how reality is socially construed and how individuals and organizations construe their experiences is relevant for an effective promotion of change as well for the understanding of some defense mechanism like denial.


Integrating Ideas in Science – Three Pillars


We need integrating ideas that transcend disciplinary boundaries in the physical and social sciences. The task of philosophy is to find the connection between the different fields in order to integrate all knowledge.

Paper Published in Cadmus Journal Volume 2 Issue 6.

Integrated Conception of Health

Fragmented, compartmentalized knowledge is totally inadequate to reflect the intricate interconnectedness and complexity of our rapidly evolving human civilization.

The perfect organic integration of every cell, tissue, organ and system in the human body is a close parallel to the integration of modern society and the need for integration of knowledge.

Ayurveda, India’s traditional herbal system of medicine, is based on a positive, integrated conception of health—not merely as the absence of disease. Its aim is to enhance the general health of the whole body.


Mind and Its Faculties


The mind is not the brain.

The human mind tries to know reality by dividing, reducing and compartmentalizing it.

A unique capacity of the human mind is the capacity to envision, the power of planning, inner probing, anticipating the good and bad.

Varieties of Thinking

– Garry Jacobs

Over millennia, humanity has been enriched by the development of diverse ways of knowing—mimetic and symbolic thinking in prehistoric times, intuitive thinking in ancient India, logical thinking in Hellenic Greece, analytic and quantitative thinking during the Enlightenment, systems and holistic thinking in the 20th century. Only a diversity of mental powers will enable us to comprehend and respond to the increasing complexity and interconnectedness of modern life.

The way we think will determine the way we live

Our knowledge consists of fragmented, piecemeal, compartmentalized theories when the reality we seek to understand is inclusive, complex and integrated. Our conceptions are based on mechanistic, static, inflexible equilibrium models. Whereas, the world we live in is alive, dynamic, organic, conscious, responsive, creative and continuously evolving. We need to evolve ways of thinking that reflect the integrality, dynamism and vibrancy of evolutionary Nature.

There is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so. – Hamlet

The Objectivity Myth

The true solution for all problems lies in reconciling the subjective and objective dimensions of reality.

FDR solved America’s worst financial crisis by restoring the country’s confidence in itself and its institutions.

– Chandra Sekaran

Three Tools for Non-linear Thinking

Analogy, metaphor and symbol capture the richness of life and complexity of reality that are missed by the linear, logical and literal language of science.

The three words “emperor’s new clothes” convey a profound truth about prevailing social science.

Paper Published in Cadmus Journal Volume 2 Issue 6.



Creativity and Scientific Discovery

The individual and the society, the subject and the object do not exist independently of each other. In order to fully grasp reality, they must be viewed in an integrated way. This is exemplified by the extraordinary creativity of Ruđer Josip Bošković.

Bošković was a Croatian physicist, astronomer, mathematician, geodesist, philosopher, diplomat, poet, theologian, Jesuit priest, and a polymath. He produced a precursor of atomic theory and made many contributions to astronomy.

Paper Published in Cadmus Journal Volume 2 Issue 6.

The Secrets to Bošković’s Extraordinary Creativity:

  • He recognized that two contradictory explanations can be reconciled and integrated at a higher level, from another conceptual system.
  • He studied the basic elements of reality not as separate objects, but as relations, thereby gaining a comprehensive view of the whole.
  • He looked at reality as if it were a living organism, not separated and isolated from the rest.
  • He valued the subjective experience as well as objective knowledge.

Creativity and Paradigm Change


Ambiguity is closely tied to creativity.

All human change and progress has been a result of creativity. The solutions to pressing global problems that we face require disciplined deep thinking and an ability to mobilize creative solutions.

Harold Lasswell, a creative social scientist of the 20thcentury and former President of WAAS, believed that creativity is an indispensable component of problem solving.”

Intuitive Mathematics

Mathematics is regarded as the most logical and methodological of all sciences. Therefore it is especially ironic that one of the greatest mathematicians of all time arrived at his discoveries without either of them.

During his brief lifetime, he compiled nearly 3,900 original results, equations and theorems without any formal training in mathematics. But he could provide no proof of how he derived those results. Nearly all of his results have now been proven correct.

Cambridge professor G. H. Hardy described his method as “a process of mingled argument, intuition, and induction, of which he was entirely unable to give any coherent account.”

Intuitive Science and the
Science of Intuition

Great scientists confirm that their breakthrough discoveries were the result of non-linear, non-logical processes. Science education focuses only on methods for verification, rather than the creative thought processes that generate new discoveries.


Ways of Knowing

Knowledge is an intellectual process. Knowing is an emotional/spiritual process. Knowledge comes from acquiring information.

Knowledge is shared, formal and objective. Knowing is embodied, internalized as values and subjectively assimilated by the personality.

We can know without thinking.


Art and Science: Two Ways of Knowing


The mind is not the brain.

Science accepts facts, formulas and logic. It largely ignores intuition, imagination, emotion and the subjective aspects.

What we see is determined by what we know, expect, feel and believe in. Our perceptions shape reality. Reality by itself is neutral.

Science and art are but symbolic languages that help us decipher reality.

The search for beauty and symmetry does not make science less objective. It makes it more human.

Limits to Rationality

One of the fundamental findings of cognitive science is that people think in terms of metaphors.

When the facts don’t fit the frame, the facts get rejected, not the frame.

Mind, Individuality & Cultural Diversity


What mind observes as separate or even opposite things, are complementary aspects of a greater reality. Thus the individual and the collective are two complementary aspects of social reality.

The individual is a catalyst for social evolution.

The collective is an infinite reservoir of capacities which the individual draws on for personal development. Society generates the maximum power for accomplishment when the collective fully releases the energy and harnesses the myriad capacities of its individual members. Multiculturalism enriches the diversity of human endowments available for individual and social progress.

Paper Published in Cadmus Journal Volume 2 Issue 6.


New Paradigm Thinking – Real-World Applications

We are approaching a bifurcation point between two possible futures

  • The Subjective view is of a Faith Depression that takes us back to the frustrations, fear and anxiety of the 1930s.
  • The Objective view is of an Industrial Revolution the opens up unparalleled opportunities for global social evolution.

The outcome will depend on our capacity to reunite the objective and subjective dimensions to envision a new paradigm by a new way of thinking.

Deep Learning – Implications for Education

True learning is person-centered, not subject-centered. It is made possible by independent thinking, not by acquiring information. It is fostered by the willingness to embrace uncertainty, ambiguity and contradictions and reconcile them as complementary aspects of a wider truth.

Development of the whole mind and whole personality of the individual is the true objective of learning.

New Associate & Junior Fellow

KORYN ROLSTAD

(USA) Associate Fellow

President & Principal Artist, Koryn Rolstad Studios; National Series Lecturer, Symposium on Healthcare Design; Board Member, Northwest Designer Craftsmen; Lecturer, MIT, Dartmouth University, Harvard University, Virginia Tech, Howard University.

ANDRII MIROSHNYCHENKO

(Norway) Junior Fellow

Teaching Assistant at University of Bergen, Norway; Co-Founder, Earth Citizens for Conscious Media; Member, Kyiv Municipal Assembly; Member of Civic Chamber of Ukrainian Ministry of Environment and Natural Resource Management.

MARTA NEŠKOVIĆ

(Serbia) Junior Fellow

Master’s degree in Ethnology and Social Anthropology, School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences, Paris, France; Research Associate, The Mother’s Service Society, India.

CADMUS

The journal for new perspectives that integrates knowledge from all fields of inquiry to address real-life issues, and enhance our collective response to the issues facing the world today.

Click here to read the current issue

ERUDITIO

The vision of Eruditio complements and enhances the Academy’s focus on global perspectives in the generation of knowledge from all fields of legitimate inquiry.

Click here to read the current issue



The Brexit vote, US election campaigns and Eurozone problems are signs of political, economic and social upheaval of unprecedented magnitude and complexity during the post-war period. Much of it can be traced back to economic discontent and insecurity arising from the global financial instability, trade disputes, rising unemployment, economic inequality, and persistent poverty coupled with existential threats to the environment. These issues were the focal point for discussion at the XIII International Colloquium held in Lisbon on May 11-13, 2016 to explore the eco-social and political transitions and their consequences.

The conference was organized by the Centre for African, Asian & Latin American Studies (CEsA), Research in Social Sciences & Management (CSG) and Lisbon School of Economics & Management (ISEG), University of Lisbon in collaboration with WAAS, WUC and University of Brasilia. WAAS also co-organized colloquia at Brasilia (2014) and Gainesville (2015). António Mendonça, President of ISEG, University of Lisbon, Portugal and Maria Rosa Borges, Vice-President of ISEG, University of Lisbon, Portugal chaired the organizing committee.

The conference undertook a comprehensive reexamination of the root causes of the current financial and governance crises and explored the foundations of integrated, human-centered economic theory of economics that shifts the emphasis from economic growth to human dignity, welfare and wellbeing. Twenty papers were presented at the conference on topics related to globalization, financial capital, international financial markets, investment in human capital and sustainable infrastructure investment.

There were four panels organized by the WAAS New Economic Theory Working Group to establish the groundwork for development of human-centered economic theory focusing on the historical evolution of economic thought, the transdisciplinary foundations of the market, system interdependencies in economics, money and financial markets as social institutions, and the theoretical foundations of economics as a science.

Panel 1: Transdisciplinary Foundations of the Market

The first panel chaired by Garry Jacobs explored the relationship between economic theories and models and the political, legal, social, technological and commercial factors influencing the functioning of markets to identity the scope for designing and regulating markets in a manner that promotes full employment more equitable income distribution with the context of a market economy.

Panel 2: Economics and System Interdependencies

The second panel chaired by Mark Swilling examined the interdependencies between economies/Economics and the monetary, institutional, political, social, cultural and ecological systems and the implications for the formulation of more a realistic and effective economic theory.

Panel 3: Money & Financial Markets as Social Institutions

The third plenary session chaired by Winston Nagan focused on the role of money in society, the social and institutional framework within which money functions to determine the political, legal, cultural, social, psychological and organizational factors that determine how money and wealth are generated, measured, utilized, multiplied and distributed; the relationship between the monetarized and non-monetarized sectors of economy; and concepts related to different types of capital.

Panel 4: Foundations of Economics as a Science

The fourth and the final plenary session chaired by Joanilio Teixeira explored underlying premises on which Economics science and other social sciences are based: including assumptions regarding the characteristics of a science, value-based science, interdisciplinarity, transdisciplinarity, the role and validity of models and monetary measurements, objectivity and subjectivity, the evolutionary nature of society, the power of organization and networks, certainty and uncertainty, the multiple levels of social reality that determine economic outcomes, social power, and the role of individuals in society.

New Economic Theory Working Group

Immediately following the Gainesville Colloquium in May 2015, WAAS constituted an international working group on New Economic Theory co-chaired by Garry Jacobs and Mark Swilling. Membership in the group now includes more than 50 social scientists and 19 institutional partner organizations working for major reconceptualization of Economics. Already dozens of articles related to Economic Theory and Policy, Employment, Money and Finance, Social Welfare and Ecology have been published in Cadmus Journal. WAAS has also organized and collaborated in conducting more than a dozen conferences and seminars on these themes. A full list of articles and events can be found on the new economic theory project website.

A major objective of the project is to develop a transdisciplinary PG level course on human-centered economics to be offered on-line as a MOOC and made available to interested universities for use in the classroom. A detailed course description and topic outline has been prepared and approved by the Working Group. Click here for the course description.

Following the Lisbon conference, 17 members of the WAAS-WUC New Economic Theory Working Group met to chart out a plan of action for development of human-centered economic theory. The group endorsed the draft topic outline for a PG course, identified presenters for many of the topics, and approved a plan to conduct a series of smaller meetings in Seoul (Sep 2016), Skopje (Oct 2016), Dubrovnik (Nov 2016 & Feb 2017) leading up to the XIV International Colloquium to be hosted by Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa in May 2017.

NET will also be a central topic of discussion at other upcoming WAAS-WUC working group meetings:

Objective

The XIV International Colloquium to take place in Cape Town, South Africa in May 2017 has the theme “Towards a Human-Centered Sustainable Economic and Social System for the 21st Century”. It aims to promote understanding of the global challenges facing humanity, through scientific analysis, recognizing the interconnectedness of today’s global socioeconomic challenges. The industrial, scientific and technological revolutions of the last two centuries have brought previously unimaginable economic prosperity to several billion people in what is now a truly globalized world. At the same time poverty persists, unemployment, inequality, economic and social instability are rising.

The great transformations to our natural and human environments pose real threats to both human welfare and the planet. So far, human institutions of governance have not been able to adapt to this new Anthropocene Age nor to distribute evenly and fairly the fruits of knowledge and progress.

The XIV International Colloquium calls for novel thinking and action in relation to the need for a truly human-centered and sustainable economic and social system, one that ensures adequate attention to human needs, economic prosperity, fair distribution and a balanced relation with our environment.

Organizing Committee

Mark Swilling, School of Public Leadership of Stellenbosch University of South Africa, Cape Town, (President).

Joanilio Rodolpho Teixeira, University of Brasilia, Brazil, (Vice-President & Honorary Member).

Garry Jacobs, Chief Executive Officer, World Academy of Art & Science, India.

Ricardo Azevedo Araújo, Coordinator of the Graduate program, Department of Economics, University of Brasilia, Brazil.

António Mendonça, President of ISEG, University of Lisbon, Portugal.

Neantro Saavedra-Rivano, Graduate School of Humanity & Social Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan.

Heitor Gurgulino de Souza, President, World Academy of Art & Science and World University Concortium, Brazil.

Winston Nagan, University of Florida at Gainesville, Florida, USA.

Maria Rosa Borges, Vice-President of ISEG, University of Lisbon, Portugal.

Stefan Brunnhuber, Head of Department, Diakonie Hospital, Dresden, Germany.

Jorge Thompson Araújo, World Bank, Washington-DC, USA.

Emilson Silva, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Selection Committee of Articles

Joanilio Rodolpho Teixeira, Neantro Saavedra-Rivano, Mark Swilling and Garry Jacobs.

Click here for more information.


LISBON PRESENTATIONS

Transdisciplinary Foundations of Economics as a ScienceG. Jacobs

Financing the Sustainable Development GoalsS. Brunnhuber

The Market MythT. Björkman

Decoupling Resource Use & Well-beingM. Swilling

Foundations of Economics as a ScienceJ. Teixeira

Domesticating Finance for GrowthD. Kyriakou

The Recent Global Financial Crisis is a crisis of GovernanceN. Saavedra-Rivano

Markets, Money and Social PowerG. Jacobs

Homo-economico-politicus & Scientific ConciousnessW. Nagan

Crises of NeoliberalismM. Mollo

Eco-system ServicesJ. Spangenberg

Towards a Living SocietyC. Pereira


Transdisciplinary Foundations of Economics as a Science

Society is a complex, conscious, integrated living organism undergoing a continuous process of evolution.

Social science needs to reconcile and reunify objective and subjective dimensions of reality and recognize the primacy of the subjective dimension.

The development and creative expression of human aspirations, energies and capacities is the ultimate determinant of economic development, not immutable, universal laws of Nature.


Financing the Sustainable Development Goals


We are psychologically trapped by the idea that there can be only one monetary system, providing a single, specific form of liquidity for all purposes.

The conventional way of creating liquidity is restricted due to the liquidity trap and the debt trap, providing little to no future additional leverage to meet unmet needs.

A parallel currency system can stabilize the overall system and make it resilient.

The Market Myth

The market is a self-organizing system governed by principles and rules created by society, not by any universal laws of nature.

Prevailing notions about the market are veiled in myth. There is a vast gap between economic models of how the market is assumed to work and how it actually functions.

There is also a gap between the way it now functions and alternative possible ways it could be structured to more effectively promote social welfare and equity. Unveiling the myth is necessary to alter its workings for the betterment of humanity.

Paper published in Cadmus Journal Volume 2 Issue 6.

Decoupling Resource Use and Well-being

New Economic Theory (NET) should be based on human wellbeing.

Without this, the twin goals of economic justice and human well-being envisaged by NET cannot be achieved. Rising resource use cannot continue.

Major new economic opportunities flow from the innovations required to increase resource efficiency and greater use of renewables.


Foundations of Economics as a Science

Economic neoliberalism, in its most perverse form, has led to unsustainable development, rising unemployment and inflation.

Mainstream economists, steeped in orthodoxy, believe there is no alternative to austerity and that any resistance to it is futile.

Austerity schemes are definitely NOT the solution to the economic and financial crises the world faces today.

What the world needs and the ultimate solution is a new socioeconomic, political and environmental paradigm.

Domesticating Finance for Growth

Public and private debt bubble has been growing since the 80s, carrying with it a promise of higher standards of living through debt accumulation.

The path traveled was a debt-based approach that has entailed social losses and private benefits.

The current financial system has been successful in siphoning away human capital from growth-enhancing pursuits.

In order to domesticate finance it may be necessary to make it boring and financially unattractive, say through combinations of rigorous claw back schemes, taxation and regulations.

The Recent Global Financial Crisis is a crisis of Governance


There are only two types of crises: knowledge failure and governance failure

The financial sector, diverting from its original role, has grown into a dysfunctional and outsized component of the economy.

The recent financial crisis is in its essence a crisis of governance.

Paper published in Cadmus Journal Volume 2 Issue 6.

Markets, Money and Social Power

Modern economy is a social institution founded on an ever-expanding organization of human relationships. Its social purpose is to maximize the economic security, welfare and well-being of all its citizens.

Social power is the capacity of the society to fulfill aspirations and accomplish objectives.

The laws of economy are human-made and subject to choice.

No society effectively harnesses and utilizes the potential social power.

Paper published in Cadmus Journal Volume 2 Issue 6.

-Garry Jacobs


Homo-economico-politicus & Scientific Conciousness

The current technological revolution poses enormous challenges to political and economic organization and decision-making.

Economy and politics are inseparable. Both relate to forms of social power that are interconvertible and mutually interdependent.

A valid science of society must necessarily encompass both objective and subjective dimensions, including the central importance of human values and human dignity, which are excluded from consideration by the prevailing philosophy of logical positivism.

New paradigms of political and economic thinking are needed to account for the value implications of public policy.

Paper published in Cadmus Journal Volume 2 Issue 6.

Crises of Neoliberalism

Unregulated financial activity, a consequence of neoliberalism, is the root cause of financial crises.

What the world needs today are productive investments that meet human needs and create employment.

At the root of the current crisis are not subprime mortgages, credit rating agencies, financial institutions or central banks. It is the Great Divorce between finance and economy.

Eco-system Services

Valuing Nature is essential for better economic and ecological planning and decision-making.

The attempt to objectively quantify the value of Nature by quantifying the exchange value or by aggregating value categories is fundamentally flawed. The instrumental value of things does not properly reflect their inherent value.

The scope for applying economic measurement to biodiversity and ecosystems is limited.

It ignores the fact that humans have a responsibility for nature irrespective of its notational value to them.

Towards a Living Society

Current economic theory, predominantly mechanistic in its nature, wrongly treats the economy as separate from society and nature.

Global governance today is dysfunctional, so much so that we are not ready for the emergence of a new paradigm because our consciousness has not evolved with the evolving times.

The transformation we envision requires changing the present conceptual framework and that requires stepping out of our social and mental blind spots. The transformation will not be smooth or linear.


A radical new approach to human development to address the multiple challenges confronting humanity today.

Towards a socially inclusive and environmentally healthy human community

The growing gap between the rapid pace and current direction of unbridled technological development and the slower process of social and cultural evolution poses serious threats to human security and social stability. It also presents unprecedented opportunities for ushering in a more peaceful, prosperous and equitable world for all. Managing these challenges and opportunities was the central theme of the international conference ‘Technology + Society =? Future’ held in Podgorica, Montenegro on May 19–20, 2016, under the auspices of the Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts, in cooperation with the World Academy of Art & Science, European Academy of Sciences and Arts, Global Round Table and All European Academies. MASA is a center of WAAS, and has hosted two international conferences in collaboration with WAAS in the past 4 years.

The conference explored both the opportunities and challenges posed by rapid technological advances and measures to restore control over our own destiny. Welcome addresses were delivered by Momir Ðurovic, President, Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts; Heitor Gurgulino de Souza, President of WAAS; Felix Unger, President, European Academy of Sciences and Arts; Gordon McBean, President, International Council for Science; Mathieu Denis, Executive Director, International Social Science Council; Peter F. McGrath, Coordinator, The InterAcademy Partnership; Graham Caie, European Federation of Academies of Sciences and Humanities; Gilbert Fayl, President, The Global Round Table; and Marcelo Sorondo, Chancellor, Pontifical Academy of Sciences.

Co-evolution of Technology & Society

Alexander Likhotal, Carlos Alvarez Pereira, Loucas Christophorou, and Ljupco Kocarev discussed the emerging co-evolution of technology and society. With scientific advance, we need greater ethical vision; better judgment; and stronger analysis of how to use knowledge for good and not ill. New universal education is critical, and not just for those who expect to practice science but for all.

Scientists and society have an enormous responsibility towards the future, and this must be grounded on basic human values and the mutual accommodation of science and society via enhanced dialogue and trust.

Science, Technology & Education

The importance of basic research for technological advances, and governing the advances by education were core of the presentations of Eric Hoedl, Alberto Zucconi, Nebojša Nešković, and Ulric Fayl V. Hentaller.

The technological revolution is blurring the lines between the physical, digital, and biological spheres and will affect all the bio-psycho-social dimensions.

Science needs to be made more approachable and relevant to humanity. Effective and person- centered education will be an important variable of the new revolution in terms of fostering new processes and products.

Climate, Energy & Sustainability

The challenge of climate, energy and sustainability was the focus of Agni Vlavianos Arvanitis, Neven Duić, Rajendra Pachauri, and Noam Lior.

A life-supporting paradigm needs to be placed at the core of technology, policy and education, and to form the basis of thinking and action for every citizen, in order to shape tomorrow’s sustainable world.

Economy, Employment & Technology

Financial innovations, globalization, their impact on the future, and the historical relationship between technology, employment and human welfare and its impact on producers, consumers, capitalists and workers were the areas explored by Garry Jacobs, Saša Popović, and Lorenzo Gascon. A comprehensive human-capital intensive development social strategy is needed for higher education and skills development.

Values, Culture & Technology

Jüri Engelbrecht, Winston Nagan, Zlatko Lagumdžija, and Saulo José Casali Bahia explored the role and relevance of values in the evolution of the technological capacity of the highly complex system that society is today.

So dramatic have technological developments been that they challenge the traditional grounding of human identity, spiritual aspiration and transcendental consciousness.

A new paradigm or partnership between people, planet and production is needed to give us new hope and enable us to make our ideas live.

Ecology & Social Justice

Ullica Segerstrale explored cooperation as a social technology. Tibor Tóth spoke on the topic of the global regimes of weapons and technologies of mass destruction. Paulo Alcantara Gomes and Miloš Trifković took up the cases of the countries Brazil and Bosnia & Herzegovina respectively. S. E. Mons. Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo, Chancellor, Pontifical Academy of Sciences, Vatican spoke about the integral ecology that encompasses ecological balance, social justice and spiritual responsibility. The concluding remarks for the conference were made by Ivo Šlaus.

Report of the WAAS General Assembly

May 19, 2016, Podgorica, Montenegro

The General Assembly of the World Academy of Art & Science was held on May 19, 2016 in Podgorica, Montenegro. Heitor Gurgulino de Souza, the President, opened the Meeting and proposed its agenda. This was followed by a review of the Academy’s program framework, reports on its partnerships, finances, nominations, activities of the Board of Trustees and changes to the Bylaws, followed by a general discussion. 26 Fellows and Associate Fellows of the Academy were present.

Program Framework

The current program framework of the Academy consists of projects on: new paradigm of human development, new economic theory, full employment, rule of law, new sciences, evolution of individuality, limits to rationality, abolition of nuclear weapons, and security and sustainability. There have been three meetings recently devoted to new economic theory, and five past and three future post-graduate certificate courses organized in the Inter-University Centre, Dubrovnik, Croatia.

Partnerships and Centers

The Academy has collaborations with its partners and centers, namely the European Leadership Network (ELN), London, UK; the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland; the Library of Alexandria, Egypt; the Nizami Ganjavi International Center, Baku, Azerbaijan; the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; the Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts, Podgorica, Montenegro; and the International Centre for Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES), Zagreb, Croatia.

Activities of the Board of Trustees

The Academy has been involved in numerous activities in the recent years, and participated in numerous meetings. The Academy had operated an awards program during the 1970s. Connected to that, the Board recently considered establishment of a new award program and appointed an ad hoc committee to make recommendations on how to do that.

Finances and Fund-raising

The Academy is a very lean organization. It is aided by the fact that its Officers and Trustees donate their time, travel at their own expense, and pay membership dues four-times that of basic dues. Grants from the Mother’s Service Society, Pondicherry, India, cover basic administrative expenses. The Academy’s centers and partners contribute by hosting conferences, such as the three events organized by the Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts. In the past one year, the Academy has also been the recipient of a grant from Google for free web advertising, which is used to promote awareness of its events, publications and website. The involvement of the Academy’s members by way of donations and contacts with donors to support its projects related to new paradigm of human development, new economic theory and higher education would be particularly welcome.

Nominations

The current period of nominations of new Fellows will terminate on July 1, 2016, the Nominations and Evaluations Committee of the Academy will evaluate the candidates from July 4 to 31, 2016, the Board of Trustees will consider the candidates from August 8 to September 4, 2016, and the Plenum of the Academy will vote on the candidates from September 19 to October 30, 2016.

Changes or Amendments of the Bylaws

The Bylaws Committee of the Academy had been formed by the Board of Trustees with the task to prepare a proposal of changes or amendments of the Bylaws. In its recent Meeting, the Board accepted the proposed changes or amendments. They will be sent to the Plenum for approval in the next elections.

Some of the comments that were made during the discussion are:

    • The Academy should be at the forefront of intellectual activity having a direct impact on making policies, and it should raise the level of its activities to a higher level.
    • Strategic programming of the Academy is most important. It has been recently decided by the Board of Trustees to form an issue committee that would concentrate on developing the new program framework of the Academy.
    • SDEWES, a center of the Academy, takes a multidisciplinary approach to sustainability.
    • The Board of Trustees has recently made a decision to bestow awards upon global thinkers and leaders. The Award should reflect the aims of the Academy, one of them being humanization of science.
    • Preparations are being made for the publication of a book comprising the unpublished papers of Walter Truett Anderson, the former President of the Academy, and its distribution to Fellows would commence soon. The electronic version of the book was proposed to be made and distributed widely.
    • The participation of the Academy in policy making on various levels is very important.
    • The nominating and seconding letters for new Fellows must adequately address the criteria for the post.
    • In order to make the Academy truly global, the Board of Trustees have recently agreed that efforts need to be taken to increase the Academy’s activities in North America. The gender balance too needs to be improved. Representation of other regions, e.g., the Middle East, Africa and Asia is also needed in the Academy.

Based on the report by Nebojša Nešković

Secretary General, WAAS